20. Nan the Writer - Part 2: "The Woman's Bushed!"

Coming to Life Again

Nan's husband Richard Morenus figures prominently in her first article for Maclean's entitled "Jim Chief," published on October 15, 1946. There is no mention of Richard in her second article for Maclean's published the following year. By that time their marriage was over.

Nan had written "Jim Chief" in the winter of 1945-1946, finishing it in mid- to late April of 1946. I know this because the editor noted at the end of Nan's article that she had completed her article about six weeks after Jim Chief died on March 8. When Richard filed for divorce, he stated that Nan had deserted him on  February 22, 1946.

It is clear that Nan stayed on in northern Ontario throughout 1946 and into 1947. She was hospitalized in Sioux Lookout in late February 1947, likely for her chronic abdominal issues. She then went on a wilderness adventure which she chronicled in her second article published later that summer.


First page of Nan's article in Maclean's, August 15, 1947.
 

"The Woman's Bushed"

Nan's second article "The Woman's Bushed!," published in Maclean's on August 15, 1947, likely started as diary entries that were rewritten and then submitted to the magazine in a hurry. Nan's circumstances were not great. Her marriage to Richard was over and she was (perhaps) alone in Sioux Lookout. 

This article is another example of Nan's evocative writing skills. It provides an account of her canoe expedition north of Sioux Lookout with a bushman-prospector named Joe in search of "a rich vein of high grade." (I asked Dorothy Maskerine if she knew who Joe was. "Everyone knew Joe," she replied in our phone conversation of June 18, 2021. "He just kind of turned up in Sioux Lookout and hung out at the Hudson's Bay Company store with his dog." Dorothy is going to try and find out Joe's last name for me.)

The trek involved 240 kilometres (150 miles) of rapids and at least 20 portages. When Nan asked Joe, a man she said she had known for years, if she could join him on the trip., he exclaimed, “The woman’s bushed!” A week out of the hospital where she was lyin’ for months an' already she wants to go chippin’ rocks.” (By dropping letters with apostrophes, Nan was giving Joe's voice a regional accent or dialect. Was he from a specific area or race or social group? Because she never provides any background about Joe, it seems disrespectful.)

After a long illness in hospital, Nan saw this journey as a “celebration at being alive and back in the bush once more.” After a month of convalescing (“It took me all that time to get my legs moving one before the other again”), Nan and Joe shoved off from the lodge on Abram Lake. It was a hot July day.  “The memory of the months of fever, pain and the smothering confinement of sickness would be swallowed up in the stringent demands of the bush. I was coming to life again.”

 

The map above is my rather crude attempt to chart the route taken by Nan and Joe from Abram Lake to Spirit Lake and back in the summer of 1947.

Nan’s account reveals her strong descriptive writing skills. For example, here’s her description of running some rapids in a canoe:

“You have felt yourself slipping in the bathtub. That satiny slide beneath your feet. That flying contorted feeling in your limbs as you grip desperately at nothingness. It lasts for only a moment. Our rapids lasted much longer but the bathtub sensation endured. … A broad flat rock just beneath the surface. No time, no room to avoid it. Over it we slid. I felt the canoe’s agonized groan, felt the vibration as the flooring grated and the ribs contracted inward. There is that sickening pity for tortured live things. I felt it now for the canoe . . . that bush possession above all others that endears itself like a personality, a brave and eager partner.”

"Canoe in Rapids." Painting by Winslow Homer. Source

One interesting observation Nan and Joe make during their trek was that northern Ontario was becoming the "land of the vanishing portage." Several times as they travelled through the bush country they discovered that the places where portages were clearly indicated on their map were overgrown and unrecognizable. Much time was lost scouting the shoreline on foot looking for a usable trail, often uncleared and choked with windfall. "Nowadays most fellows go in by plane," Joe says. "Looks like no one wants the hard work anymore."

Nan and Joe never did find the rumoured high-grade vein. As they left behind the final and 27th portage of their trip and headed back to Abram Lake, Nan writes that it was somehow a letdown. “A world had closed behind us.” She had “caught a severe case of prospecting fever” and wanted someday to return, “come hell, higher water or more beavers.”

Nan was good to her word, although it wouldn’t be Ontario that she returned to. She had heard about uranium discoveries in northern Saskatchewan, and within two years she was back prospecting – and writing – this time with trapper and prospector John Albrecht by her side.

A Writer to the End

Nan never gave up writing, however. She took her typewriter with her to Saskatchewan, planning to write about prospecting in the North. Floyd Glass, a northern pilot based in Prince Albert, wrote in his contribution to the book Gold and Other Stories (1986) that the few times he dropped into Nan and John’s camp, she gave him some stories she had written for magazines to take down in the mail. Glass recalled that she sold a couple of stories but if she did, I haven’t located them yet. [Source: Gold and Other Stories as told to Berry Richards, W. O. Kupsch and S. D. Hanson, eds. Regina, SK: Saskatchewan Mining Association, 1986.]  

On August 18, 1950, Nan’s occupation, as recorded on her infant son's birth certificate, was writer. After she died 15 days later from complications of childbirth, her obituary states that Nan was a writer.

That would have been her wish. Now it is my wish to locate more of Nan’s writing.

 

NEXT:  Richard Writes a Book, Part 1 - Click HERE

PREVIOUS: The Morenus Marriage Ends - Click HERE

INDEX TO BLOG SERIES: Click HERE

 

©Joan Champ, 2021. All rights reserved.

 

19. The Morenus Marriage Ends

 "She Said She Would Rather Live By Herself"


Cover from a pulp fiction novel, 1948. Source

The biggest event for Nan in 1947 was her divorce from Richard Morenus. Their divorce hearing took place on June 19, 1947 at the Superior Court of Cook County before Judge Edwin A. Robson. Richard, the plaintiff, was represented by lawyer Ralph C. Blaha; M. G. Kaufman appeared for Nan, the defendant.

Nan did not attend the hearing. In Illinois in 1947 “a divorce decree was granted to any spouse who provided the necessary evidence to prove the other spouse guilty of an act that constituted a legal ground for the dissolution of marriage,” history scholar Katherine L. Caldwell explains. “Divorces could only be granted to an ‘innocent’ party, so if it were determined that both spouses had sufficient grounds for divorce, no divorce was possible.” [I know - Catch 22.]

One of the many grounds allowed by Illinois law was “willful desertion without reasonable cause for over a year,” and one year’s residence in the state was required before a divorce petition could be filed. The legal process required an adversarial form of complaint in which the plaintiff had to make formal charges against the defendant in open court. Because most couples separated and got a lawyer to negotiate the settlement prior to going to court, uncontested or default cases were the norm, and one party – the defendant – did not usually appear in court. [Source: Caldwell, Katherine L. “Not Ozzie and Harriet: Postwar Divorce and the American Liberal Welfare State.” Law & Social Inquiry, vol. 23, no. 1, 1998, pp. 1–53.]

Richard Testifies

Excerpt from Richard's testimony on June 19, 1947. Certificate of Proceedings, Superior Court of Cook County, Illinois.

Excerpt from Richard's testimony on June 19, 1947. Certificate of Proceedings, Superior Court of Cook County, Illinois.
 

Richard testified on his own behalf, with his lawyer asking the questions. He claimed that he had been living in Cook County since 1928. When asked about the circumstances leading up to his separation from Nan on February 22, 1946, Richard stated, “It was necessary for me to make a business trip and be away for a considerable length of time and she refused to accompany me and said she would rather live by herself.” He went on to describe where they were living in Sioux Lookout. “Living as we were it would be impossible for her to live alone,” he testified. “If I stayed there it would mean giving up my business so we could live there. I was living on an island and we were living alone and there was no one there to take care of the heat but myself and she couldn’t possible live there alone. She said, ‘You live your life and I will live mine’ and she took a place to live and we lived separate since.”

Kaufman, Nan’s lawyer, asked only three questions of Richard. When asked if he had attempted to get Nan to come back to the United States with him, Richard answered yes. “She refused to come back?” Kaufman asked, to which Richard again answered in the affirmative. “You haven’t lived with her since then?” No, replied Richard. Blaha interjected, “He is a writer and he travels to get the scene of his stories.”

Witness Testimony

A deposition by Frank Ross, taken on Richard’s behalf in Toronto on June 6, 1947, was then presented to Judge Robson. Ross, a resident of Toronto, said he had known the Morenuses for a year and a half. He claimed he had observed them living together, stating that Richard gave Nan “all attention and all affection that a husband could give a wife.” Ross said Richard had left Sioux Lookout in about August 1946 to take a job in Chicago. “I was advised by the husband that the wife refused to accompany him,” he testified. “If Mrs. Morenus deserted Mr. Morenus,” Ross was asked, “will you state the time, place and other facts of circumstances known to you which attended such desertion.” Ross replied, “The wife refused, as I am advised, to accompany the husband to Chicago in 1946. I was advised by the husband that he had reason to believe that the wife had been unfaithful to him.” (My emphasis.) Ross concluded his deposition by stating that Nan was still living in Sioux Lookout.

Excerpt from the deposition of Frank Ross June 6, 1947. Certificate of Proceedings, Superior Court of Cook County.

The Morenus divorce hearing took about 15 minutes. As with all Chicago divorce cases of the day, Judge Robson only had the information presented to him by both parties. He had no way of ascertaining whether or not that information was true. “The ritualized, perjurious testimony made a mockery of [a judge's] courtroom,” Caldwell writes (1998), “and the important decisions about the divorce itself and particularly the post-divorce finances were kept out of their control.” Frustrated judges tended to simply ratify whatever settlement agreement had been negotiated before the hearing. Judge Robson, who soon went on to lobby for the reform of Illinois divorce laws, issued a divorce decree to the Morenuses.

Divorce Decree

The divorce decree from the Cook County Circuit Court in Illinois is dated June 27 of that year - immediately prior to Nan's departure in July on her canoe expedition with Joe. According to the decree, Nan was given due notice of the suit. Richard had apparently been living in the State of Illinois for over a year preceding the divorce filing. He claimed that "during all the time he lived and cohabited with the said defendant, plaintiff conducted and demeaned himself as a true, kind and affectionate husband." Richard claimed that Nan had left him on February 22, 1946 and had never returned.


Decree for Divorce, June 27, 1947. Source: Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois.
 

On June 27, 1947, Richard and Nan's divorce was official. Richard's fifth marriage was over, and he was already living with Nora Smith in Escanada, Illinois. They married on October 1, 1948 in Minnesota. 

As for Nan, I have not yet been able to determine her whereabouts from August of 1947 until she turned up in northern Saskatchewan in the autumn of 1948. Nan's friend, 94-year-old Dorothy Maskarine told me in a phone call (June 18, 2021) that she heard Nan went to Edmonton, Alberta, possibly with a man named Joe. Bob Lee writes that Nan had gone to Squamish, BC. [Source: The North Called Softly, Prince Albert, SK. Unpublished, 1977.]

One thing is clear, however. Nan was determined to become a prospector.

 

NEXT: Nan the Writer, Part 2: "The Woman's Bushed!" - Click HERE

PREVIOUS: Road to Divorce - Click HERE

INDEX TO BLOG SERIES: Click HERE

 

©Joan Champ, 2021. All rights reserved.