11. Preparing for the Move to the Bush

Burning Bridges, Buying Bush Clothes

Nan read this 1939 book before she and Richard moved to their island in 1941.

Two letters written to Nan were discovered tucked inside the pages a book by a woman in La Ronge, Saskatchewan. As I attempt to piece together Nan's fractured history, these shards of her memory are like gems to me. The first of the two letters is shown below. The second will be featured in an upcoming post.

The day the deed to their island in northern Ontario arrived in November 1940, Nan and Richard held a little celebratory ceremony. After that, they started "burning bridges -- the contacts with the advertising agencies, and recording companies, and the film companies with which we had worked," Richard recalls in his Maclean's article, "From Broadway to Bush" (Sept. 1, 1946). "The most spectacular conflagration took place when I quit my job as executive staff writer with NBC, and we watched the security of a steady pay cheque go up in smoke. In the embers lay my experience of over 10 years active affiliation with the [radio] networks, and the end of Nan's successful career as an actress."

In 1940, Nan and Richard were almost broke. The cost of living in New York was high. In addition, Nan's emergency surgery for a perforated ulcer in 1939 had set them back. As Richard explains in his Maclean's article, "Nan's fancy surgical needlework had been done by an expensive authority on such interior decorating." The couple spent their final days in New York getting rid of everything they owned - things "that would be of no practical use in a land of coal-oil lamps and wood stoves."

Nan was empowered with the necessary skills to live in the wilds of northern Ontario after reading this book, originally published in 1916.

In the months before they left New York, Nan and Richard did some research about how to live in the north. Richard read books by Jack London, Robert W. Service, fiction about the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and even a Boy Scout manual. [Source: Richard Morenus, Crazy White Man, 1952.]

Two of the books Nan read were written by fellow New Yorker Kathrene Pinkerton: Woodcraft for Women (New York: The MacMillan Co., 1916, 1924) and Wilderness Wife (Carrick and Evans, 1939). Like Nan, Pinkerton’s husband Robert, a newspaperman, had been told by his doctor that he had to give up his work and lead an outdoor life. The Pinkertons packed up and headed for an area near Atikokan in northern Ontario where they built a log cabin. Kathrene’s book Wilderness Wife is an account of their five years in the bush country.

Outfitting and Preparations

Catalogue illustration from Von Lengerke & Antoine, 1939. Source

Pinkerton's book Woodcraft for Women covers all the practical knowledge and skills a woman would need in the wilderness, from clothing selection to canoeing to hunting and fishing:

On outdoor cooking: “If a woman attempts, over an open fire, the usual city food, cooked in the usual city manner, she invites hardships and disaster for herself.”
On clothing: “Never should the cotton shirt be too thin to afford protection from the sun’s rays and never should the flannel shirt be too heavy to rob violent exercise of its pleasure.”
On footwear: “To attempt a wilderness journey on high heels would be to invite a sprained ankle. … Moccasins made by Indians are the most satisfactory.”
On map reading: “One of the best methods of becoming ‘of the party’ and not ‘with it’ is to know the route and the general topographical features of the country.”
On paddling a canoe: “Because so large a part of the pleasure of a canoe trip lies in this individual endeavour, the woman who does not paddle loses the witchery of the canoe vacation.”
On portaging: “It would be well for every woman at least once to have packed a heavy load across a portage. In that way as in no other she can grasp the point of view of the man who has a long, heavy carry before him or who is straining under a big load down the last lap of a portage.”
On fishing: “The novice fisherwoman should never inflict her company upon a real fishing party unless she has a sincere desire to fish. To fish flippantly, to tire readily and then to demand an early return to camp is to make oneself a public nuisance, and the woman who cannot bait her own hook, rig her own tackle and care for her own equipment is no less annoying.”
On hunting: “The woman who has stalked a deer or a moose, approached and shot him, has earned him. To her will come a thrill of personal power.”

Fashionable outdoor clothing for American women in 1940 included jodhpurs (riding breeches) and high lace-up boots.

Arrow shirts ad, 1949. Source

Before heading to Canada in May of 1941, the Morenuses shopped for wilderness wear. "Unfortunately," Richard writes in Crazy White Man, "wherever I went to shop, I found no salesman who had ever been north of Albany [New York]. ... The clothes I bought were heavy, bulky, colourful, and expensive!" The items he purchased in a Lexington Avenue shop included a fleece-lined union suit (long underwear), a thick wool sweater, a lumberjack shirt, heavy-duty mackinaw pants, three pairs of heavy-ply socks "about the thickness of thin mattresses," and - to top it all off - a triple-thick, all-wood innerlined mackinaw parka "of a glaring crimson colour." It only took one winter in the north for Richard to regret these purchases. "I was undoubtedly the prettiest thing the north had ever seen," he writes, but after a short trek on the bush trail wearing these heavy items he nearly cooked to death!

Nan's task in buying bush clothes was even more challenging. As Pinkerton points out in Woodcraft for Woman, the woodswoman was at a disadvantage in the selection of outdoor clothing. "In few cities have her needs been met with the same generosity that has characterized the attitude of sportsmen outfitters toward men campers." The outdoors was considered to be male turf. Since the days of Daniel Boone, men did not take women with them into the wilderness. "Somehow, out of this neglect, arose the impression that wood joys were for men alone," Pinkerton writes. "Alone, isolated enthusiasts worked out their dress, camping, and equipment problems."

Pinkerton's First Letter to Nan

Kathrene Pinkerton's letter to Nan, Jan. 23, 1940. Source: Darlene Studor, La Ronge, Saskatchewan.

Nan began corresponding with Kathrene Pinkerton late in 1939, a year and a half before she and Richard moved to northern Ontario. On January 23, 1940, Pinkerton replied to thank Nan for her "very gracious letter" about Wilderness Wife. "I am always happy to have the book fall into the hands of people who love the woods, and now I am delighted to have it read by people who are contemplating a wilderness home," Pinkerton wrote. "This is just to tell you that you have my very best wishes for your venture and if you find the fun and the joy from a cabin that we did, you will agree that the hardships and the annoyances are a very minor part of the experience."

(I am grateful to Darlene Studor for sharing this and one other letter with me. I contacted the University of Oregon Archives where Pinkerton's papers are housed, but, to my great dismay, there were no letters from Nan to Kathrene in that collection.)

And They're Off

The night before they left New York, Nan and Richard partied with their head-shaking friends who were certain the couple was doomed and gone forever. The next morning without fanfare, they loaded their suitcases, boxes, a typewriter, and their cocker spaniel Nik into their coupe and headed north. It was May 1, 1941.

NEXT: The Big Move to Northern Ontario - Click HERE

PREVIOUS: Nan and Richard Buy an Island - Click HERE

INDEX TO BLOG SERIES: Click HERE

10. Nan and Richard Buy an Island

Cutting Loose for the Wilderness

Definition of Wilderness: " A region which contains no permanent inhabitants, possesses no possibility by conveyance of any mechanical means, and is sufficiently spacious that a person crossing it must have to experience the experience of sleeping out." - Robert Marshall, "The Problem of the Wilderness," in Scientific Monthly, Vol. 30, No. 2, Feb. 1930.


Nan and Richard's island home on Abram Lake near Sioux Lookout, Ontario, as it looks today. Source: Winoga Lodge, Facebook

Nan's doctor told her after her surgery in 1939 for a perforated ulcer that she was through with radio; he advised her to slow down. "It's Nan's salvation to live away from the city," he told her husband Richard Morenus. The couple loved the outdoors. "Each summer we'd taken leave for a month and hied ourselves to Canada's bush country to fish and hunt," Richard later wrote in Maclean's magazine, "and in the utter serenity of primitively peaceful surroundings regain perspective otherwise warped by the other 48 weeks of the year spent in the phantasmal world of entertainment." [Richard Morenus, "From Broadway to Bush," in Maclean's, September 1, 1946.]

As Nan recovered from her surgery, she and Richard decided to find a log cabin along a lake shore somewhere in the wilderness. They got out a map of Ontario and traced a road running north to where it met the northernmost line of the Canadian National Railway at the small town of Sioux Lookout. "Here, then, was what we were looking for," Richard writes. "This would be our starting point. No motor road to the north. No railroad to the north. Nothing to the north but wilderness."

"But for two people instinctively gregarious, so dependent upon contacts with other human beings for livelihood," Richard continues in Maclean's, "to cut loose to carve a year-round existence out of the wilderness presented at best certain rugged aspects." At least the town had a post office for contact with the outside world and could furnish the couple with food and supplies they would need to survive.

Incorporated in 1912, Sioux Lookout is located in Treaty 3 Ojibway territory in northwestern Ontario, halfway between Thunder Bay and Winnipeg, Manitoba. The community is surrounded by numerous lakes including Pelican Lake, Lac Seul, Minnitaki Lake, and Abram Lake.

Old Tourist Camp on Abram Lake

Nan and Richard's cabin as it looked in 2020, now part of Winoga Lodge. Photo courtesy of Kim Clark and Richard Mansfield, current owners of the property.

In 1940, the Morenuses wrote to the Sioux Lookout Chamber of Commerce and soon learned about a nine-acre island on Abram Lake that had once been a tourist camp owned by David and Mary Dubois, general merchants and fur dealers from nearby Superior Junction. The camp was 14 miles by water from Sioux Lookout, and came complete with cabins, and ice house, a storehouse, canoes and outboard motors, and other outfitting equipment.

Apparently, the camp had proved to be too remote and too rugged for tourists, so the Dubois, who had owned it since 1925, put it up for sale. "Dave Dubois had grubstaked trappers for more than thirty years," Richard wrote in this book Crazy White Man (1952), "and he will long be remembered in the bush."

On November 16, 1940, Richard and Nan bought the Dubois' island, sight unseen, for $1200.

Land Transfer #32793 for Island "F.P. 44," Parcel 9317. Source: Ontario Land Titles, Kenora District.

From the start, Richard and Nan intended to go into the tourist business on the island. In January of 1941, three months before leaving New York for Sioux Lookout, he sent a letter to Herman Stern on the Winoga Lodge and Camp’s new letterhead. “The [tourist] folders have just come from the printers," Richard wrote.. "It tells our story simply and as unpretentious [sic] as possible.”

Letterhead from January 1941. Source: Herman Stern Papers, 1904-1979. University of North Dakota, Chester Fritz Library, Department of Special Collections. OGLMC 217, Series 4, Sub-Series B, Box 10, Folder 13, Correspondence - Dick Morenus (1937-1942).

The Dartmouth Alumni Magazine, May 1941, reported that alumnus Dick Morenus (class of 1917) and his wife had recently bought Winoga Lodge, a fishing, hunting and vacation camp for about twenty people “He says its his chance to at last get free from the jitters of radio broadcasting, do some writing, and run a nice little business amidst his favorite sports.”

NEXT: Preparing to Move to the Island - Click HERE

PREVIOUS: Stress in the Radio Biz - Click HERE

INDEX TO BLOG SERIES: Click HERE

Discovering Nan Dorland